And yet, it is very important for reasons far beyond visibility or mere gossip. He served as Executive Producer of "Men Are From Mars, Women Are From Venus" (2000).After his retirement from daytime chat, Merv became a real estate baron, acquiring the Beverly Hilton Hotel in Beverly Hills, which is now the venue of choice for virtually all of the Tinseltown's most high profile events such as The Golden Globe Awards, The Soap Opera Digest Awards, and The American Film Institute's Lifetime Achievement Awards. As a result, NBC gave him his own hour-long daytime talk show program, The Merv Griffin Show (1962).Griffin's name and talk show career will always be seen in the light of that of Johnny Carson, the "King of late night TV", with whom Griffin directly competed on CBS from 1969 to 1972. "Spokeswoman: 'Jeopardy' inventor Merv Griffin dies at 82", "Daily Press: Hampton Roads News, Virginia News & Videos", "Merv Griffin, Television Innovator, Dies at 82", "Frater Merv Griffin Passes into the Chapter Eternal", "Lean Days are Better; Griffin Shed Weight and Song to Be a TV Host", "Entertainment Legend Merv Griffin Dies At 82", "(Advertisment) Thanks: The Merv Griffin Show", "Maharishi Mahesh Yogi; founded Transcendental Meditation movement", "For Merv Griffin, 14 Seconds Can Last a Lifetime", "Griffin buys Resorts; Trump to get Taj Mahal", "Merv Griffin's Outrageous Fortune: When Millionaire Griffin Took on Billionaire Trump, They Said It Was a Mismatch. Helen Gene Ford Turner, loving wife, mother, grandmother, and great-grandmother died peacefully at home on February 24, 2023 at the age of 96. His Los Angeles Times obituary repeated a 1991 statement he had made regarding Plott's lawsuit: "This is a shameless attempt to extort money from me. In 2021, Marlo gave some advice on how to make a marriage last. "In a network situation," Donahue says, "one guy can end your career while he's shaving." In 1965, Griffin was criticized as a "traitor" when he aired a special from London in which Nobel Prize-winning philosopher Bertrand Russell denounced the Vietnam War.Despite his success on daytime television, it was late night that was The Holy Grail for talk show hosts. He had dedicated two of his shows to the topics of Transcendental Meditation and Maharishi Mahesh Yogi. But answering questions in person, he chooses words carefully, as though any slip will damage his good-guy reputation. Why not do a switch, and give the answers to the contestant and let them come up with the question. But each of the more than 200 "Donahue" stations -- including flagship WGN in Chicago -- buys it on his terms: If any station manager wants to pull the plug, fine. And television, he says, provides the public with what Lenny Bruce called "plastic puke." Secondly, Griffins closet had him engaging in workplace sexual harassment, something that, as I showed in my 1993 book Queer in America, is common among closeted powerful men, who often are simply seeking outlets for sex. See here for a complete list of exchanges and delays. Type. A relationship that should be renewed and examined can't grow as long as we're not telling our women how we feel. What he made then was a far cry from the billionaire he was at the end., But what about the sex? Aside from his game shows, he also ventured into real estate and purchased the Beverley Hilton Hotel and later the Resorts International. He carried on assisting the school financially. The audience quickly picks up his rhythm. It was good television. Sometime during the first two weeks -- Donahue can't remember when or why -- he walked into the audience and offered the microphone to a woman in the sixth row, who stood up and asked a question. The star became more caring and interested in the boys the more she lived with them, and eventually, "more mothering.". He works live (most markets broadcast an unedited tape). He once said, "If they found Hitler, I'd be the first in line to interview him. Adding to it, he also produced The Merv Griffin Show, which was a syndicated talk show in 1965. His charges are ridiculous and untrue. "It's not important to me when we are on that I win. Phil Donahue & Marlo Thomas on their wedding day . Million Dollar Masters Tournament from 2002. More than 8 1/2 million viewers in over 200 markets now watch him daily, eclipsing all other syndicated talk shows. Im thinking perhaps the Times editors really took it to heart when many of us criticized them after Susan Sontags death and the obituary cover-up of her sexual orientation and her relationship with Annie Liebovitz. [25] After Paar left The Tonight Show, but before Johnny Carson took over (Carson was still hosting Who Do You Trust? In 2007, Griffin's production company, Merv Griffin Entertainment, began production on a new syndicated game show, Merv Griffin's Crosswords (originally titled Let's Play Crosswords and Let's Do Crosswords). Merv Griffin reaches only 3.9 million viewers, Mike Douglas 3.7 and Dinah Shore 2.8 million. Merv Griffin had an encounter with Betty Kelly. "Why rock the boat?" Self 5 episodes, 1969-1973 Lenny Schultz . Griffin did not get the part, but the screen test led to supporting roles in other musical films such as So This Is Love (also 1953),[14] which caused a minor controversy when Griffin shared an open-mouthed kiss with Kathryn Grayson. This song remained a huge hit by selling 3 million copies. The couple had one son. The theme returned to the show in 2021 at the start of season 39. Studying business administration at Notre Dame brought maturity and a desire to serve a city "with two airports." Merv Griffin Net Worth 2023: Age, Height, Weight, Wife, Kids, Bio-Wiki. The new show featured live music with two singers while simulating a trip to various places in the world. However, in 1997 she thought she still had a chance, but she and Phil never had any of their own. Ironically, weeks after being on Phil's show, Marlo was a regular guest at his Winnetka, Illinois home, where he raised four sons. Rumors about Griffin being gay aren't new, and they weren't helped by two lawsuits (a palimony claim, and a sexual harassment charge) by two dudes in the 90s. He married radio comic . One of Merv Griffins most important works was his talk show The Merv Griffin Show. He next hosted the game show Keep Talking and also temporarily The Price is Right and To Tell the Truth. Dont let your closet compromise you to the point where you are actively harming your own people, even though you have the power to do so much good.. "The more drawn into the Hollywood trappings he . I can now reveal that The Mogul is Merv Griffin. Griffin was introduced to the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1974. He was 82. There are his experiences at Liberaces all-male orgies. Then again, Merv carved his niche in the entertainment world at a time when being gay wasnt OK, when disclosure was unthinkable and the allegation alone could deep-six ones career. after moving it twice on its daytime schedule, despite having an additional year on its network contract. GSN dedicated a whole weekend in order to credit him by releasing 10-episode marathons of Wheel and Jeopardy. [29], In 1988, he purchased Resorts International and two of their hotels, one in Atlantic City, New Jersey; and another on Paradise Island in the Bahamas, from Donald Trump and other investors. AmoMama creates engaging, meaningful content for women. [16] He decided to spend the summer of 1954 in New York City. It became the first US Album to be recorded on a magnetic tape. Menu. He retained the title of creator of both his game shows. Sensing that his time at CBS was ending, and tired of the network's restrictions, Griffin secretly signed a contract with rival company Metromedia that gave him a syndicated daytime talk show deal as soon as CBS canceled their show. . And lots about Mervs prolonged sexual tryst with Marlon Brando. The couple divorced in 1976. We can tell that you loved your daughter." "There's nothing too controversial for television," Donahue says. And now hes doing it to Griffin withMerv Griffin: a Life in the Closet. The "That Girl" star and her husband raised five children after the actress refused to be an evil fairy-tale-like stepmother. The Famous Psychologist's Wife Has Never Missed a Taping, Julia Roberts Is Living Her Dream with Kids & Spouse of 20 Years at Rustic Ranch after Becoming Mom at 39, Dr Phil & His Wife of 46 Years Are Still in Love in $29.5M Home after They Sold Their 'Weird' Mansion, Geena Davis Became Mom of 3 at 48 Her 20-Year Marriage Ended & Much Younger Spouse Asked For Spousal Support, Jenna Bush Hager 'Smooched' Husband on 1st Meeting & Proposed to Him Later They've Made It to 14 Years. "[42] He was otherwise secretive about his business and personal lives. Griffin also hosted a game show Play Your Hunch in 1958 whose producers were Bill Todman and Mark Goodson. Subsequently, a Golden Palm Star on the Walk of Stars was devoted to him in 1998. Marlo Thomas and Phil Donahue during the Iris Awards Banquet on March 4, 1978, in Los Angeles, California | Source: Getty Images. Griffin's approach to television talk was influenced by two New York shows, David Susskind's The David Susskind Show (1958) and Mike Wallace's Probe and Night Beat (1956), and like Susskind and Wallace, he openly embraced controversial subjects. As of March 2023, Griffin has an estimated net worth of $1 billion. By 1976 he'd been canceled three times in New York, the nation's top market, and sadly decided he'd "become a candidate for a trivia contest two decades hence.". [5] The family was Irish American. One regular attendee, Lillian Miller, became a fixture on the show throughout its run. Griffin's announcer/sidekick was veteran British character actor Arthur Treacher, who had been his mentor. The result is staccato silence between phrases -- quite unlike his fast-moving, loquacious television image. Also, he was inducted into the Television Hall of Fame after his death in 2008. American Talk Show Host Merv Griffin was born Mervyn . Soon after, he released his first album Songs of Merv Griffin. In effect, Donahue has 200 bosses and they provide a fascinating study in what the public will tolerate -- even seek -- once outside the networks. Also, he achieved the degree Doctor of Laws from the National University of Ireland, Galway, in 2005. And he seems without shame: "I would be afraid I'm going to die if someone told me I had leukemia. Merv Griffin spent decades as a beloved talk-show host but the gay game-show mogul was also a pioneer in Hollywood sexual-harassment cases! Not one to shy away from controversy, Griffin began to be harassed by CBS censors who objected to the antiwar statements of his guests and ordered him to feature pro-war guests for balance. and Wheel of Fortune. Brent Plott, who had been his employee, also accused him of harassment. Ten months later he moved to a CBS radio-television affiliate in Dayton, Ohio. Or purchase a subscription for unlimited access to real news you can count on. (2002) remains the second highest rated game show in television syndication while Wheel of Fortune (1983) continues to be the longest running game show to hold the number one spot in television syndication history. (GSN, 1998, both for children); Rock & Roll Jeopardy! His performance on the radio was heard by American musician Freddy Martin, who asked him to tour with his orchestras, which he did for a few years. It won several awards and nominations and has been adapted into numerous international versions. . He also filled in for a week for the vacationing Bill Cullen on The Price Is Right, and for Bud Collyer on To Tell the Truth. Another was '79 Wistful Vista.' That was not only focused on in the Denny Terrio lawsuit against Griffin but also was something that several Hollywood gay men told me about, offering first hand experience, while I was researching Queer in America back in the early 90s and some of this (though, for legal reasons not all) is reported on in the book. They had one son, Tony Griffin, born in 1959; who had two children of his own. "controversy means it's important and it's something that people disagree on." was merv griffin married to marlo thomas. He married his college sweetheart in 1958, right after graduation. in 1964. And sometimes he's slapped down. I had interviewed many gay men whod known Griffin as gay, as well as men who told stories about how his closet had him doing horrendous things and how he was threatened by openly gay people. So far, in the the rest of the obits on Griffin (Reuters, Associated Press) Ive seen nothing about his homosexuality. He was best known for hosting the Goodson/Todman classic, Play Your Hunch, and for creating the two long-running hit series, Jeopardy! Merv Griffin reaches only 3.9 million viewers, Mike Douglas 3.7 and Dinah Shore 2.8 million. That's what I'm paid to do.". Marlo Thomas was in a long relationship with playwright Herb Gardner, but they did not get married. But in 1978 New York's WNBC bought "Donahue" for the second time and he began to capture the nation's attention. and 'Wheel of Fortune'), https://www.naukrinama.com/stressbuster/richest-male-actors-in-the-world/merv-griffin/, http://mervgriffinabc.blogspot.com/2009/05/game-show-creator-griffin-created-and.html, http://gameshows.wikia.com/wiki/Merv_Griffin, http://jeopardyhistory.wikia.com/wiki/Merv_Griffin. He attended San Mateo High School from where he graduated in 1942. "We don't like to discuss sex at that hour of the morning," NBC explained. He eventually started his own show The Merv Griffin Show in 1962 which proved to be a huge success. It stood at the 2nd position on TV Guides list of the 60 greatest game shows ever. After Fonda's appearance some sponsors said they wouldn't "pay for a program that tears America down." [52], Some of the songs Griffin recorded were:[citation needed]. He'd defeated them at their own game. [9], Freddy Martin heard him on the radio show and asked him to tour with his orchestra,[1] which he did for four years. Fortunately, comedian-author Erma Bombeck lived across the street, but Donahue knew he "couldn't have her on every day." Its disheartening that Merv had to die to shake it for good. November 25, 1926 - February 24, 2023. Over the past 16 years of his life, however, Griffin deflected the sexuality questions with a quip, determining that his private life remained nobodys business. His program is television's most consistent forum for provocative, controversial subject matter: lesbian couples adopting children; parents of homosexuals; breast-feeding mothers; unwed mothers; elderly people living together out of wedlock; victims of incest. Once, Donahue says, Walter Cronkite himself telephoned to say, "Phil, that was a goddamned good interview you sent us yesterday. Other Griffin successes in the game show field included "One in a Million" and Joe Garagiola's Memory Game (1971), both airing on ABC, Let's Play Post Office on NBC, and Reach for the Stars (1967).In 1986, Griffin sold his production company, Merv Griffin Enterprises, to Coca-Cola's Columbia Pictures Television unit for $250 million as well as a continuing share of the profits of the shows. Griffin was married to Julann Wright, and together they had a son named Anthony. His first encounter, a boyhood friend he grew up with, later tried writing a book about Merv. Of course, Porter has one thing working for him: almost no threat of litigation. When political activist Abbie Hoffman was his guest in April 1970, CBS blurred the video of Hoffman so viewers at home would not see his trademark American flag pattern shirt, even though other guests had worn the same shirt in the past, uncensored. He was overweight as an adolescent and a young man, which disappointed some radio fans when they saw him in person. Produced in association with Program Partners and the William Morris Agency, it began airing September 10, 2007. So he returned to his radio roots and focused on marriage, illness, sexuality, death and other problems "ordinary" people could discuss. So she had to figure out how to be nice and good and realized early on that she shouldn't try to fill a mother-like role because they might resent that. That fall he became a radio reporter in Adrian, Mich. What's important is that our conversation is interesting. You and the ayatollah are the only two people that would work for.". (1984), which are watched by hundreds of millions of people all over the world. Even in the capital of entertainment -- in a business where homosexuality isnt exactly a rare phenomenon -- its still spoken of in hushed tones or, more often, not at all. Merv Griffin was previously married to Julann Griffin (1959 - 1976). Merv Griffin is a television host and media tycoon of America. "You're on the cover of 'Publisher's Weekly'," editor-in-chief Michael Korda told talk-show king Phil Donahue. No name. He owned a ranch near La Quinta, California where he raised thoroughbred racehorses, and St. Clerans Manor, a boutique hotel in an eighteenth-century estate once owned by director John Huston, near Craughwell, in County Galway, Ireland. He gave hog prices on the radio at 5:30 a.m., and his hand appeared twice on film used on the CBS Evening News. A biography of television legend Merv Griffin claims tgat when he died in 2007, he left behind a legacy that included Wheel Of Fortune, Jeopardy, hotels, side business ventures, and more than a billion dollars.Also: speculation. The star had spent decades covering up his sexuality and even married comedienne Julann Wright, who gave him a son. He criticizes the fake fame offered television celebrities and yet admits he accepts free pizzas and permits a teen-aged son to accept free car repairs. Fingers point. The show enjoyed tremendous popularity and was adapted into several international versions which aired in 60 countries. The show became a phenomenon when, on September 19, 1983, a nighttime version hit the syndication market with Pat Sajak and Vanna White as host and hostess. Griffin's home was sold for $7million. This. . Mervyn Edward Griffin Jr. (July 6, 1925 August 12, 2007) was an American television show host and media mogul. It's a shame. . . She returned to her native New Mexico, remarried and disappeared from public view -- until now, with publication of a "family" picture in Donahue's book. He broke into broadcasting in 1957 as a summer TV announcer. He resolved to change his appearance, and lost 80 pounds in four months. A typical example is the cancellation of a Masters and Johnson broadcast in Medford, Ore., because they "tantalized the audience by talking about homosexuality. Merv Griffin accomplished a lot and is, in his death, being held up as a example of a stellar Hollywood businessman. [46] He was a longtime member of the Republican Party.[47]. In 1963, NBC offered him the opportunity to host a new game show, Word for Word, which Griffin produced. Griffin later claimed in interviews that he was best man at their wedding, but was in fact one of the four ushers. And as any law student knows, you cant libel the dead. It was a good question. Around the office, Mervs being gay was understood but rarely discussed (and certainly never with him). for ABC), Griffin was one of the many guest hosts who presided over Tonight in the interim. Nonetheless, the elephant that was his sexual orientation never really stopped following Griffin from room to room. CBS gave Griffin a late-night show opposite Carson in 1969. She is best known for starring on the sitcom That Girl (1966-1971) and her children's franchise Free to Be. As rewrds, he dispenses liberal "God bless you's" and "I love you's." [45] The article was later altered due to protests from his friends and business associates. His first song Ive Got a Lovely Bunch of Coconuts was a huge success, selling over 3 million copies. [15] He also had an uncredited role as a radio announcer in the horror/science fiction film The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms (1953). Raised as a Catholic, Griffin started singing in his church choir as a boy, and by his teens was earning extra money as a church organist. His first crush was Errol Flynn, whom he saw passed out naked on a couch. At one of his nightclub performances, Griffin was discovered by Doris Day. He lived with Roddy McDowall here at the Dakota, where he introduced Eddie Fisher to Elizabeth Taylor. It ran for one summer. The second time they went out was fine, and the duo phoned each other two or three times daily and saw each other on weekends because Phil was based in Chicago. "I have come to the point where I am at peace with my own imperfection in terms of understanding it, and I am enjoying the business of wondering.". The actress continued explaining her reasoning: "It seems like it's only a place for one-and-a-half persons, you know, the person that has the dream and the other person who supports the dream." This being an era when male actors felt homosexuality was a danger to their career, lawyers shot down that book fast.. There is no wise-cracking sidekick, band, desk or ashtray. He created another game show Wheel of Fortune which aired from 1975. Of Griffin, Porter says, We met in 59 when he sang for my senior prom and the student committee paid him $500. The live 55-minute program was not successful, however, and was cancelled in 1963. They divorced in 1976 after 17 years of marriage. Before they married, Marlo had no interest in the institution, but her husband managed to twist her arm. Marlo was 40 when she married the talk show host, and it was her first marriage. He can't put a ribbon on them because, as media darlings, they can reveal as much or as little as they please. That year, Brent Plott, a longtime employee who worked as a bodyguard, horse trainer and driver, filed a $200million palimony lawsuit, which was also dismissed. He married Juliann Wright in 1958, and they divorced in 1973. As he recalls the past, Donahue stands again and begins to pace. Griffin wrote the 30-second piece of music heard during the show's Final Jeopardy! . [17] They had much in common and became instant friends, and Buzzell introduced Griffin to all of New York City's popular musicians and music executives. From that moment, "Donahue" became an audience-participation program. . According to an obituary on August 24, 2007 in Entertainment Weekly, The Merv Griffin Show ran for 21 years and won eleven Emmy Awards. Merv Griffin was a singer and band leader, movie actor, television personality and media mogul who in his time hosting The Merv Griffin Show (1962) was second in fame and influence as a talk show host only to Johnny Carson. marathon consisted of a rerun of the Jeopardy! Merv Griffin was married to Julann Griffin from 1959 to 1976. Why are we still so jittery even about raising the issue in purportedly liberal-minded Hollywood, in 2007? Text. There is a story in Queer in America about a man identified as The Mogul who did just that. Why is it so difficult to write? He became a substitute host for Jack Paar on The Tonight Show Starring Jack Paar (1957) and scored some of the highest ratings in the show's history. The pair "hung in there" despite the date setting them back to the starting stages of their relationship. "It's no mystery to me why they are so conservative," Donahue says. If you get anything else you think we can use, call me personally. "Since 'The $64,000 Question,' the network won't let you do those . In 1975, NBC canceled Jeopardy! He continued to appear in films like The Boy from Oklahoma and Phantom of the Rue Morgue. "We're talking about a medium that evaluates people according to the force with which they can communicate ideas," Donahue explains. ", The book reveals he was a virgin before marriage, a lousy lover afterward, and avoided the draft through fatherhood. The divorce settlement gave her custody of the daughter and him the four boys. [49][50], Funeral services were held on August 17, 2007 at the Church of the Good Shepherd in Beverly Hills. Issues that provoke censorship are almost always sexual. Marlo Thomas, 2018 | Phil Donahue and Marlo Thomas, 2022 | Source: Instagram.com/marlothomas | Getty Images. "To say 'yes' to that question flatters me," he says, pausing to look at the wall as though hoping to see the proper answer. Most of the folks Porter talks about and says Griffin was involved with are, like Griffin, dead. That should not be forgotten. In a December 1977 article, the actress recalled how Phil was a modern man and a single parent when they met. [35] He had used $325 million in junk bond financing at nearly 14% from Drexel Burnham Lambert's Michael Milken, but suspended interest payments in early 1989. In 1998, a Golden Palm Star on the Walk of Stars in Palm Springs was dedicated to him. While it would seem everything has changed today, little actually has. When philosopher and anti-war activist Bertrand Russell used the show to condemn the war in Vietnam, Griffin was criticized for letting Russell have his say. Then another Dayton television station asked him to replace a local talk show host who had gone on to better things in Hollywood (he's now the announcer for Dinah Shore). [37][38] Cashflow was about $70 million short of what was needed to service the Resorts' debt in 1989,[34] and Griffin sought bankruptcy court protection for Resorts on December 23, 1989.[39]. As a result, this literally wiped out or greatly reduced the investments of the bondholders, so that Mr. Griffin could sue Trump and yet still retain a significant portion for himself. and Wheel remain on the air today. Then he continued his higher education at the University of San Francisco. There was one major difference, though. His 12-year-old granddaughter Farah gave a reading. "Let's put a ribbon on this," he tells the long-winded. Both ultimately were dismissed. In 1974, under intense pressure to "put some glitter in the show," he moved to Chicago, hoping to attract better guests and big-city flair. Merv Griffin was diagnosed with prostate cancer in 1996 which was treated successfully. Griffin's prostate cancer, treated originally in 1996, returned and he was admitted to Cedars Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, where his condition deteriorated, leading to his death on August 12, 2007 at the age of 82. . . We steal a lot from other shows," Donahue says. The Wheel marathon included two episodes with cameo appearances by Griffin: Sajak's departure from the daytime version in 1989 and a 199293 episode that ended with Griffin, his band "The MervTones," and White singing at a dinner club in Orlando, Florida. "We had a woman whose baby was taken back by the adoption agency. To prove his point, Donahue does a Kissinger imitation, complete with heavy accent. Movies. [17][20][21] After the wedding, and about two months after arriving in the city, Griffin moved into a different apartment, but in the same building, and remained lifelong friends with Buzzell and Simms. He considers many fellow journalists "professional gapers" who pursue rat-pack "me-too-ism." ", Donahue loves it. Neither Cronkite nor CBS responded, a silence echoed by everyone else to whom the ambitious Donahue mailed resumes. We believe that every person's story is important as it provides our community with an opportunity to feel a sense of belonging, share their hopes and dreams. In 1991, he was sued by TV host Deney Terrio alleging sexual harassment. This weekend venue, fashioned after Hollywood's famed Coconut Grove (where Griffin headlined as a boy singer with The Freddy Martin Orchestra) features live Big Bands, Swing Orchestras, and Rock Bands amidst a glamorous nightclub setting.He was honored with the prestigious 1994 Broadcasting and Cable "Hall of Fame" Award, alongside such figures as Diane Sawyer and Dan Rather. Such candor is not new to Donahue, but it usually comes from his guests and audience. He started his professional life by joining the radio as well as by singing in collaboration with a big band. "Even if there's spinach in my teeth, it goes," Donahue says. The "That Girl" actress first met Marlo when she was on his talk show as a guest in 1977. Margaret Julia "Marlo" Thomas (born November 21, 1937) is an American actress, producer, author, and social activist. On being wealthy, Griffin said, "when you walk down the street and everybody knows you're rich, they don't talk to you." "They see in me a way to produce some income. Says Donahue, "Well, what does that mean? In the 1980s, Griffin purchased the Paradise Island Resort and Casino in the Bahamas for $400million from Trump, but later sold it for just $125million. From 1965 to 1986 Griffin hosted his own talk show, The Merv Griffin Show. That was Fibber and Mollie McGee's address. In 1969 "Donahue" (until 1974 called "The Phil Donahue Show") entered national syndication, but half a decade later his salesman quit because the show was stuck at around 40 markets and "just couldn't sell."

Metabank Mobile Deposit Funds Availability, Best Color Golf Ball For Visually Impaired, Is There School Tomorrow In Brevard County, Articles W